Cell Division: Mitosis vs Meiosis Study Guide Subject: Biology | Grade: Grade 10-12 This study guide explains the fundamental processes of cellular replication: Mitosis and Meiosis. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for genetics, growth, and reproduction. What is Mitosis? Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells developing from a single parent cell. It is used for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction. Stages of Mitosis: Prophase: Chromosomes condense, spindle fibers form, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Metaphase: Chromosomes line up along the cell's equator (metaphase plate). Anaphase: Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell. Telophase: Nuclear membranes reform around the two sets of chromosomes, which begin to decondense. Cytokinesis: The cytoplasm splits, creating two distinct cells. What is Meiosis? Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically distinct haploid gametes (sperm or egg cell