Study Library | Free K-12, Cambridge IGCSE, IB, AP & Kurikulum Merdeka Study Guides — Tutolia

Free curriculum-aligned study guides and lesson plans for K-12 students and teachers. Covers Cambridge IGCSE/A-Level, IB Diploma, Kurikulum Merdeka SMA & UTBK-SNBT, and US AP exams.

Free Open Curriculum K-12 & Exam Syllabus Study Guides (75 Guides)

• Newton’s Laws of Motion: High School Physics Study Guide — Master Newton’s three laws of motion with clear explanations, formulas, real-world examples, and practice problems. (Physics · Grade 10-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• Pancasila as the Unifying Force of the Nation: Civics Summary Grade 10 — Grade 10 Civics (PKn) study guide summary under Kurikulum Merdeka regarding Pancasila as the national ideology. (Civics (PKn) · Kelas 10 SMA · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Understanding the Water Cycle: Elementary & Middle School Science Guide — Explore the journey of water on Earth through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection with diagrams and explanations. (Science · Grade 4-6 · Common Core / National)
• Introduction to Algebraic Equations: Grade 7-9 Math Guide — Learn the foundational concepts of algebra, including variables, constants, coefficients, and how to solve one-step and two-step equations. (Mathematics · Grade 7-9 · Common Core / National)
• How Photosynthesis Works: Middle School Biology Study Guide — Learn how plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into oxygen and glucose, including light reactions and the chemical equation. (Biology · Grade 5-8 · Common Core / National)
• Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes: Earth Science Study Guide — Discover the structure of the Earth, tectonic plates, the boundaries where they meet, and how earthquakes are formed and measured. (Science · Grade 6-9 · Common Core / National)
• Latitude and Longitude: Map Skills & Geography Study Guide — Learn how to read coordinates, understand the equator and prime meridian, and use grid systems to find any location on Earth. (Geography · Grade 3-6 · Common Core / National)
• The Eight Parts of Speech: Elementary English Grammar Guide — Master the eight fundamental parts of speech in English grammar, including nouns, verbs, adjectives, and pronouns, with examples. (English · Grade 2-5 · Common Core / National)
• Cell Division: Mitosis vs Meiosis Study Guide — Master the phases of cell division. Learn the differences between mitosis and meiosis with comparative tables, diagrams, and AI practice prompts. (Biology · Grade 10-12 · Common Core / National)
• Solving Quadratic Equations: Algebra Revision Guide — Learn 3 key methods to solve quadratic equations: factoring, completing the square, and using the quadratic formula with solved examples. (Mathematics · Grade 7-9 · Common Core / National)
• Introduction to the Periodic Table: Chemistry Study Guide — Understand the structure of the Periodic Table, distinguish metals and nonmetals, and learn key periodic trends like electronegativity with diagrams. (Science · Grade 8-10 · Common Core / National)
• Trigonometry & Unit Circle: High School Math & Radians Guide — Master the unit circle, radian conversion, exact values for special angles, Pythagorean identities, and real-world elevation angles. (Mathematics · Grade 10-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• Calculus Derivatives & Rules: High School & AP Math Guide — Master differential calculus: Power Rule, Product Rule, Quotient Rule, Chain Rule, and finding the equation of a tangent line. (Mathematics · Grade 11-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• Chemical Bonding: Ionic, Covalent & Metallic Bonds Revision Guide — Understand how chemical bonds form. Compare ionic lattices, covalent molecules, and metallic electron seas with comparative summary tables. (Chemistry · Grade 9-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• Stoichiometry & Mole Concept: Chemistry Step-by-Step Guide — Master Avogadro's number, mole conversions, balancing chemical equations, limiting reactants, and percentage yield with solved examples. (Chemistry · Grade 10-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis: Biology Revision Guide — Explore the Central Dogma: semi-conservative DNA replication, transcription into mRNA in the nucleus, and translation at ribosomes. (Biology · Grade 10-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• Electric Circuits & Ohm’s Law: High School Physics Guide — Master DC electric circuits, Ohm's Law (V = IR), series vs parallel resistors, electrical power formulas, and solved circuit problems. (Physics · Grade 9-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• Supply, Demand & Market Equilibrium: Microeconomics Guide — Understand the laws of supply and demand, curve shifts vs movements, market equilibrium, and Price Elasticity of Demand (PED). (Economics · Grade 10-12 · CAIE / IB / National)
• Argumentative Essay Writing: PEEL Paragraph Structure Guide — Learn how to write a persuasive argumentative essay. Formulate a strong thesis, use the PEEL structure, and write winning counterarguments. (English · Grade 7-12 · Common Core / CAIE / IB)
• Eksponen & Logaritma: Panduan Matematika SMA Kelas 10 Kurikulum Merdeka — Kuasai sifat-sifat eksponen dan logaritma Fase E Kurikulum Merdeka dengan latihan soal kontekstual pertumbuhan bakteri dan bunga majemuk. (Mathematics · Kelas 10 SMA · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0625: Length, Volume & Time Measurements — Master micrometer screw gauges, vernier calipers, measuring cylinders, and period of pendulum calculations for Cambridge IGCSE Physics 0625. (Physics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0625: Motion: Speed, Velocity & Acceleration Graphs — Complete revision of distance-time and velocity-time graphs, calculating gradient, acceleration, and total distance travelled for IGCSE 0625. (Physics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0625: Mass, Weight & Density Calculations — Understand the difference between mass and weight, gravitational field strength g, and measuring solid and liquid density for IGCSE Physics. (Physics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0625: Forces, Resultant Force & Newton’s Three Laws — Master balanced vs unbalanced forces, Hooke’s law, spring constants, terminal velocity, and F=ma calculations for Cambridge IGCSE 0625. (Physics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0625: Work, Kinetic Energy, Gravitational Potential & Power — Formula derivations for work done, Ek = 1/2 mv², Ep = mgh, conservation of mechanical energy, efficiency, and power in Watts for IGCSE 0625. (Physics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0625: Wave Properties, Transverse & Longitudinal Waves — Understand wave speed equation v = f * lambda, wavefronts, reflection, refraction, and diffraction through gaps for Cambridge IGCSE 0625. (Physics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0625: Current Electricity, Ohm’s Law & Resistance in Circuits — Master series and parallel circuits, current conservation (Kirchhoff), potential dividers, and V=IR calculations for Cambridge IGCSE Physics. (Physics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0620: Atomic Structure, Isotopes & Electron Configuration — Master protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic number, mass number, isotopes, and electron configurations up to element 20 for IGCSE Chemistry 0620. (Chemistry · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0620: Stoichiometry, The Mole Concept & Reacting Masses — Step-by-step mole conversions, molar gas volume (24 dm³ at RTP), percentage yield, and concentration calculations for IGCSE Chemistry 0620. (Chemistry · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0620: Chemical Energetics, Exothermic & Endothermic Reactions — Understand enthalpy changes (delta H), reaction profile energy diagrams, activation energy, and bond energy calculations for IGCSE Chemistry 0620. (Chemistry · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0620: Rates of Reaction & Collision Theory Factors — Effect of concentration, surface area, temperature, pressure, and catalysts on reaction rate using collision theory for IGCSE Chemistry 0620. (Chemistry · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0620: Acids, Bases, Salts & The pH Scale — Characteristics of acids and bases, proton donors/acceptors, neutralisation, indicators, and salt preparation methods for IGCSE Chemistry 0620. (Chemistry · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0610: Cell Structure, Specialisation & Magnification Formula — Compare plant and animal cells, specialized cells (ciliated, red blood cell, root hair), and calculate magnification (I = A * M) for IGCSE 0610. (Biology · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0610: Diffusion, Osmosis & Active Transport in Cells — Master net movement of particles, water potential gradient, turgor pressure, plasmolysis, and carrier protein transport for Cambridge IGCSE 0610. (Biology · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0610: Enzymes: Mechanism, Optimum Temperature & pH — Biological catalysts, lock and key model, active site complementarity, effect of temperature and pH on enzyme activity for IGCSE Biology 0610. (Biology · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0610: Photosynthesis & Leaf Structure Adaptations — Chemical equation of photosynthesis, chlorophyll, limiting factors (light, CO2, temperature), and transverse leaf anatomy for IGCSE Biology 0610. (Biology · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0580: Quadratic Equations: Factoring, Completing Square & Formula — Solve quadratic equations ax²+bx+c=0 by factorisation, quadratic formula, and completing the square to 2 decimal places for Cambridge 0580. (Mathematics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0580: Trigonometry: SOH CAH TOA, Sine Rule & Cosine Rule — Right-angled trigonometry, angles of elevation/depression, non-right angled Sine Rule and Cosine Rule, and 0.5ab sin C area for IGCSE 0580. (Mathematics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0580: Differentiation: Gradients, Stationary Points & Turning Points — Power rule derivatives dy/dx, gradient of tangent, stationary points (dy/dx = 0), and distinguishing maxima vs minima for IGCSE Math 0580. (Mathematics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0580: Probability, Venn Diagrams & Conditional Tree Diagrams — Mutually exclusive and independent events, conditional probability without replacement, tree diagrams, and set notation for IGCSE 0580. (Mathematics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0455: Price Elasticity of Demand (PED) & Price Elasticity of Supply (PES) — Calculate PED and PES, interpret elastic vs inelastic demand curves, and evaluate how elasticity impacts firm total revenue and tax incidence for IGCSE 0455. (Economics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0455: Market Failure: Social Costs, Externalities & Government Intervention — Master private vs external costs/benefits, social cost = private + external cost, demerit/merit goods, indirect taxes, and subsidies for IGCSE Economics 0455. (Economics · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0478: Number Systems: Binary, Hexadecimal & Two’s Complement — Convert between denary, 8-bit binary, and hexadecimal, perform binary addition with overflow, logical binary shifts, and two’s complement signed integers for IGCSE 0478. (Computer Science · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge IGCSE 0478: Boolean Logic Gates, Truth Tables & Logic Circuits — Master AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR logic gates, construct 3-input truth tables, and write Boolean expressions from problem statements for IGCSE 0478. (Computer Science · Grade 9-10 (IGCSE) · Cambridge IGCSE)
• Cambridge International AS & A Level 9702: Kinematics: Uniform Acceleration & SUVAT Equations — Derive and apply the 4 kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion in 1D and 2D projectile trajectories for Cambridge 9702. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (AS & A Level) · Cambridge International AS & A Level)
• Cambridge International AS & A Level 9702: Dynamics: Momentum, Impulse & Conservation Laws — Understand linear momentum (p = mv), Newton’s second law (F = dp/dt), impulse (F*delta t), and elastic vs inelastic collisions for A Level 9702. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (AS & A Level) · Cambridge International AS & A Level)
• Cambridge International AS & A Level 9702: Waves: Superposition, Interference & Diffraction Gratings — Principle of superposition, Young double slit experiment (lambda = ax/D), and diffraction grating formula (d sin theta = n lambda) for A-Level 9702. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (AS & A Level) · Cambridge International AS & A Level)
• Cambridge International AS & A Level 9702: Motion in a Circle & Gravitational Fields — Angular velocity, centripetal acceleration a = v²/r = r*omega², Newton’s law of gravitation, geostationary orbits, and gravitational potential for A-Level 9702. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (AS & A Level) · Cambridge International AS & A Level)
• Cambridge International AS & A Level 9701: Chemical Equilibria: Le Chatelier’s Principle, Kc & Kp Calculations — Dynamic equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle, ICE tables for equilibrium constant Kc, mole fractions, and partial pressure equilibrium Kp for A-Level 9701. (Chemistry · Grade 11-12 (AS & A Level) · Cambridge International AS & A Level)
• Cambridge International AS & A Level 9701: Chemical Energetics: Born-Haber Cycles, Lattice Energy & Entropy (Gibbs) — Construct Born-Haber energy cycles to calculate lattice energy, explain enthalpy of hydration/solution, and use Gibbs free energy (delta G = delta H - T*delta S) for 9701. (Chemistry · Grade 11-12 (AS & A Level) · Cambridge International AS & A Level)
• Cambridge International AS & A Level 9709: Integration by Parts, Substitution & Partial Fractions — Master Pure Mathematics 3 (9709) integration techniques: f'(x)/f(x) logarithm rule, integration by parts (LIATE), u-substitution, and partial fractions. (Mathematics · Grade 11-12 (AS & A Level) · Cambridge International AS & A Level)
• IB Diploma Programme IB-DP-PHYSICS: Kinematics: 2D Projectile Motion & Fluid Resistance — Complete IB DP Physics Theme A.1 revision: 2D vector kinematics, trajectory equations, and terminal velocity with Stokes fluid drag. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (IB DP HL/SL) · IB Diploma Programme)
• IB Diploma Programme IB-DP-PHYSICS: Thermal Energy Transfers & The Ideal Gas Law — Specific heat capacity, latent heat of fusion and vaporization, kinetic model of gases, and PV = nRT derivations for IB DP Physics. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (IB DP HL/SL) · IB Diploma Programme)
• IB Diploma Programme IB-DP-PHYSICS: Standing Waves, Harmonics & Doppler Effect — Nodes and antinodes, boundary conditions in strings and open/closed pipes, fundamental frequency harmonics, and Doppler shift equations for IB DP Physics. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (IB DP HL/SL) · IB Diploma Programme)
• IB Diploma Programme IB-DP-CHEM: Electron Configurations, Ionization Energy & Emission Spectra — Hydrogen line emission spectrum, s/p/d/f orbital subshells, Aufbau & Chromium/Copper exceptions, and successive ionization energy trends for IB Chemistry. (Chemistry · Grade 11-12 (IB DP HL/SL) · IB Diploma Programme)
• IB Diploma Programme IB-DP-CHEM: Proton Transfer Reactions: Bronsted-Lowry Acids, pH & Buffers (HL/SL) — Conjugate acid-base pairs, ionic product of water Kw, Ka/pKa calculations for weak acids, buffer action, and salt hydrolysis for IB DP Chemistry. (Chemistry · Grade 11-12 (IB DP HL/SL) · IB Diploma Programme)
• IB Diploma Programme IB-DP-BIO: Water Hydrogen Bonding & Nucleic Acid (DNA/RNA) Structure — Cohesion, adhesion, thermal properties of water due to hydrogen bonding, nucleotide structure, antiparallel DNA double helix, and Hershey-Chase experiment for IB Biology. (Biology · Grade 11-12 (IB DP HL/SL) · IB Diploma Programme)
• IB Diploma Programme IB-DP-MATH-AA: Binomial Theorem, Maclaurin Series & Calculus Kinematics — Binomial expansion (a+b)^n, displacement-velocity-acceleration integration, total distance travelled, and Maclaurin series approximations for IB Math AA. (Mathematics · Grade 11-12 (IB DP Math AA HL/SL) · IB Diploma Programme)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-E-SMA: Pengukuran, Ketidakpastian & Aturan Angka Penting — Panduan belajar Kurikulum Merdeka Fase E: cara membaca jangka sorong, mikrometer sekrup, aturan angka penting, dan perhitungan ketidakpastian. (Fisika · Kelas 10 SMA (Fase E) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-E-SMA: Energi Terbarukan & Efisiensi Konversi Daya — Materi Fisika Kurikulum Merdeka Fase E SMA: sumber energi terbarukan (surya, hidro, bayu, biomassa), hukum kekekalan energi, dan efisiensi generator. (Fisika · Kelas 10 SMA (Fase E) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-E-SMA: Dinamika Partikel: Hukum Newton, Gaya Gesek & Bidang Miring — Materi Fisika Kurikulum Merdeka SMA: Hukum I, II, III Newton, diagram benda bebas, gaya normal, gaya gesek statis/kinetis, dan sistem katrol. (Fisika · Kelas 10 SMA (Fase E) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-F-SMA: Stoikiometri Larutan, Molaritas & Titrasi Asam Basa — Konsep molaritas, pengenceran larutan (M1V1 = M2V2), titik ekuivalen titrasi asam-basa, dan kurva pH Kurikulum Merdeka Fase F SMA. (Kimia · Kelas 11-12 SMA (Fase F) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-F-SMA: Termokimia: Entalpi Pembentukan, Hess & Energi Ikatan — Penentuan perubahan entalpi reaksi (delta H) menggunakan kalorimeter, data delta Hf standar, Hukum Hess, dan energi ikatan rata-rata untuk SMA Fase F. (Kimia · Kelas 11-12 SMA (Fase F) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-F-SMA: Elektrokimia: Sel Volta, Potensial Sel Standar & Hukum Faraday Elektrolisis — Panduan lengkap Elektrokimia Kurikulum Merdeka Kelas 12 Fase F: deret Volta, notasi sel, potensial sel standar E°sel, dan perhitungan massa endapan Hukum Faraday I & II. (Kimia · Kelas 11-12 SMA (Fase F) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-F-BIO: Metabolisme Sel: Enzim, Katabolisme (Respirasi Aerob) & Fotosintesis — Rangkuman Biologi Kurikulum Merdeka Kelas 12 Fase F: sifat enzim, 4 tahap respirasi aerob (glikolisis, dekarboksilasi oksidatif, siklus Krebs, transpor elektron), dan reaksi terang/gelap Calvin. (Biologi · Kelas 11-12 SMA (Fase F) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-F-BIO: Substansi Genetika & Hukum Hereditas Mendel (Monohibrid & Dihibrid) — Panduan lengkap sintesis protein (transkripsi dan translasi kodon RNA), Hukum Mendel I & II, persilangan dihibrid, dan penyimpangan semu Hukum Mendel. (Biologi · Kelas 11-12 SMA (Fase F) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-E-F-MAT: Eksponen, Logaritma & Barisan/Deret Aritmetika-Geometri — Rangkuman sifat-sifat eksponen dan logaritma, rumus suku ke-n (Un) dan jumlah n suku pertama (Sn) barisan aritmetika, geometri, dan deret geometri tak hingga. (Matematika · Kelas 10-12 SMA (Fase E & F) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka FASE-E-F-MAT: Turunan Fungsi Aljabar (Diferensial), Nilai Stasioner & Integral — Aturan turunan fungsi aljabar, persamaan garis singgung kurva, titik balik maksimum/minimum, serta integral tak tentu dan integral tentu luas daerah. (Matematika · Kelas 10-12 SMA (Fase E & F) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka UTBK-SNBT: Aritmetika Sosial, Rasio & Bunga Majemuk Soal Cerita — Trik cepat menyelesaikan soal penalaran matematika UTBK-SNBT: persentase keuntungan, perbandingan berbalik nilai, dan pertumbuhan bunga majemuk. (Penalaran Matematika & TPS · Persiapan Masuk PTN (UTBK-SNBT) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Kurikulum Merdeka UTBK-SNBT: Penalaran Umum UTBK-SNBT: Logika Deduktif, Silogisme, Modus Ponens & Tollens — Kuasai rumus penarikan kesimpulan sah (Modus Ponens, Modus Tollens, Silogisme), ekuivalensi implikasi, negasi kuantor, dan evaluasi argumen memperlemah/memperkuat untuk UTBK-SNBT. (Penalaran Matematika & TPS · Persiapan Masuk PTN (UTBK-SNBT) · Kurikulum Merdeka)
• Advanced Placement (AP) AP-CALC-AB: Differentiation: Power, Product, Quotient & Chain Rules — Complete AP Calculus AB revision for derivative rules, composite functions using the chain rule, and finding tangent line equations for AP Exam FRQs. (AP Calculus AB · Grade 11-12 (AP) · Advanced Placement (AP))
• Advanced Placement (AP) AP-CALC-AB: Integration: Fundamental Theorem of Calculus & U-Substitution — Definite integrals, antiderivatives, First and Second Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (FTC), and u-substitution techniques for AP Calculus AB. (AP Calculus AB · Grade 11-12 (AP) · Advanced Placement (AP))
• Advanced Placement (AP) AP-PHYSICS-1: Torque, Rotational Kinematics & Conservation of Angular Momentum — Master rotational inertia I, net torque tau = Ialpha = rF sin(theta), rotational kinetic energy, rolling without slipping, and angular momentum L = Iomega for AP Physics 1. (Physics · Grade 11-12 (AP) · Advanced Placement (AP))
• Advanced Placement (AP) AP-CHEM: Acids, Bases, Henderson-Hasselbalch Buffers & Titration Curves — Master weak acid/base equilibria, half-equivalence point (pH = pKa), Henderson-Hasselbalch buffer capacity, and polyprotic titration curves for AP Chemistry FRQs. (Chemistry · Grade 11-12 (AP) · Advanced Placement (AP))
• Advanced Placement (AP) AP-BIO: Population Genetics & Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Equations — Solve allele frequency (p + q = 1) and genotype frequency (p² + 2pq + q² = 1) problems and state the 5 conditions required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in AP Biology. (Biology · Grade 11-12 (AP) · Advanced Placement (AP))